Coastal zone activities and the acts which govern these
Key Activity |
Key Act/s |
Lead Agency |
---|---|---|
Management of coastal access land | ICM Act | Local Government |
Land reclamation | ICM Act | National Government |
Coastal leases and concessions | ICM Act | National Government |
Unlawful structures | ICM Act | National, provincial and local government |
Off-road vehicles | ICM Act | National government |
Boat launching sites | ICM Act | National and Provincial Government |
Effluent discharges into coastal waters | ICM Act | National government |
Dumping at sea | ICM Act | National Government |
Incineration at sea | Prohibited under the ICM Act (Section 70), except under specific conditions as specified. | National government |
Environmental Impact Assessment | NEMA | National Provincial and Local government |
Biodiversity and protected areas management | Biodiversity Act (10 of 2004) | National, provincial and local government |
Protected Areas Act (57 of 2003) | ||
Marine protected areas | Protected Areas Amendment Act (21 of 2014) | National and provincial government |
Sensitive Coastal Areas | Environmental Conservation Act (73 of 1989) | National government |
Heritage area management | World Heritage Convention Act (49 of 1999) | National government |
National Heritage Resources Act (25 of 1999) | ||
Prevention and combating pollution from ships, including solid waste (garbage) and ballast water | International Convention for Prevention of Pollution from Ships Act (2 of 1986) | National government |
South Africa Maritime Safety Authority Act (5 of 1998) | ||
Marine Pollution (Control and Civil Liability ) Act (of 1981) | ||
Merchant Shipping Act (57 of 1951) | ||
Solid waste management (land-based) | Waste Act (59 of 2008) | |
Atmospheric pollution | Air Quality Act (39 of 2004) | National government |
Control of scuba diving, whale watching and shark cage diving and other protected or threatened species | Marine Living Resources Act (MLRA) (18 of 1998, amended 2000) | National government |
Transkei Environmental Decree and legislation controlling whales, sharks sea birds | ||
State assets in coastal zone, including 12 fishing harbours | Government Immovable Asset Management Act (19 of 2007) | National government |
State Land Disposal Act (48 of 1961) | ||
MLRA | ||
Fisheries Management | MLRA | National government |
Sea Fishery Act (12 of 1988) | ||
Marine aquaculture or harvesting of marine living resources (sea-based) | MLRA | National government |
Harvesting of coastal resources (land-based) | Conservation of Agricultural Resources Act (43 of 1983) | National government |
National Forest Act (84 of 1998) | ||
Port management | National Ports Act (12 of 2005) | National government |
International Health Regulations Act (28 of 1974) | ||
Shipping | Marine Traffic Act | National government |
SAMSA Act | ||
Freshwater flows (quantity and water quality) into coastal zone | National Water Act (36 of 1998) | National government |
Mining | Minerals and Petroleum Resource Development Act (MPRDA) (28 of 2002) | National government |
Oil and gas exploration | MPRDA | National government |
Coastal infrastructure (land-base) |
Municipal Systems Act | National, provincial and local government |
National Building Regulations and Building Standards Act (103 of 1977 amended 1982, 1984, 1989, 1995, 1996) | ||
Spatial planning and land use management Act (16 of 2013) | ||
Provincial Planning Acts | ||
Recreational Water Quality | National Health Act (61 of 2003) | National government |
Renewable energy activities |
National Energy Act (34 of 2008) | National government |